After World War II, Italians started leaving again, with the help of interstate agreements-arms and brains in exchange for raw materials-to the countries of Europe and to Argentina and Australia
They still pay a heavy toll: in Marcinelle, Belgium, in August 1956, for example, a mine tragedy claimed 237 lives, 139 of them Italians.
The flow stopped in the 1970s. The Foreign Ministry calculated that, by 1994, the number of Italian oriundi worldwide totaled more than 58 million: another Italy outside Italy.